Excess sebum is a common problem for people with oily skin . Sebum production , regulated by the sebaceous glands , is essential for maintaining skin health. However, excessive sebum secretion can lead to a variety of skin problems such as clogged pores , blackheads , and an oily skin feeling. This article explores the causes of excess sebum and offers solutions to address it.
Understanding sebum and its role
Sebum is an oily substance produced by the sebaceous glands , located at the base of the hair follicles . This fluid, which is a complex mixture of lipids, plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's barrier function . Sebum helps form a protective barrier , called the hydrolipidic film , which covers the surface of the skin and protects it from external aggressions such as UV rays and pollution.
Causes of excess sebum
1. Hormonal fluctuations
Hormones play a major role in regulating sebum production. During adolescence, pregnancy, the menstrual cycle, or menopause, hormone levels, especially androgens, can increase. This increase stimulates the sebaceous glands , leading to increased sebum secretion .
2. Genetics
Genetics strongly influence the size and activity of the sebaceous glands. If your parents or other family members have oily skin, it is likely that you will inherit a tendency to overproduce sebum.
3. Power supply
A diet high in refined sugars, saturated fats, and dairy products can exacerbate excess sebum . These foods can increase insulin production, which in turn stimulates the sebaceous glands to produce more sebum.
4. Stress
Stress is a major factor in increased sebum production. It causes the release of cortisol , a hormone that can stimulate the sebaceous glands and increase sebum secretion.
5. Climate and environment
Climate and environmental conditions can affect sebum production. In warm, humid environments, sebaceous glands are often more active, which can lead to oilier skin. Additionally, exposure to pollution and external aggressors can also stimulate the sebaceous glands.
6. Improper skin care
Using the wrong skin care products can disrupt the natural balance of sebum. For example, harsh cleansers or products containing alcohol can dry out the skin. In response, the sebaceous glands may produce more sebum to compensate for this dryness.
7. Excessive use of beauty products
Excessive use of makeup or comedogenic (pore-clogging) products can trap oil in pores, leading to breakouts and an oily appearance.
8. Internal factors such as insufficient hydration
Paradoxically, dehydrated skin can lead to increased sebum secretion , as the sebaceous glands produce more sebum to compensate for the lack of hydration. Not drinking enough water or using products that dehydrate the skin can therefore make excess sebum worse.
9. Medications
Some medications, such as steroids or contraceptives, can influence hormone levels and, therefore, sebum production.
10. Natural Skin Cycles
Skin naturally produces more oil at certain times of the day, usually in the late afternoon and evening. This may explain why your skin appears oilier at certain times.
Consequences of excess sebum
When sebum production is excessive, it can lead to clogged pores . This happens when excess sebum mixes with dead cells and other impurities, forming plugs that block pores. This phenomenon is the cause of blackheads and other skin blemishes such as acne and hormonal acne . In addition, excess sebum can make the skin look shiny and oily, which is often perceived as unsightly.
The scalp can also be affected by excess sebum , leading to oily and itchy hair. The sebaceous glands in the scalp, like those in the skin, can produce too much sebum, making hair heavy and difficult to style.
How to regulate sebum secretion
1. Use Suitable Products
- Choose skincare products formulated for oily skin . These products are often non-comedogenic, meaning they won't block pores, and are designed to regulate sebum secretion without drying out the skin.
- Gentle cleansers containing salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide can help reduce excess oil and prevent clogged pores .
2. Hydrate Properly
Even if your skin is oily, hydration is essential. A good moisturizer will help keep the hydrolipidic film intact, without stimulating sebum production .
3. Adopt a balanced diet
Limit foods high in saturated fats and refined sugars, which can stimulate excess sebum . Favor foods rich in essential fatty acids and antioxidants.
4. Exfoliate regularly
Exfoliation helps remove dead skin cells that can mix with oil and block pores. Use a gentle exfoliant once or twice a week to avoid irritating your skin.
5. Protect skin from UV rays
Excessive sun exposure can dry out the skin, causing it to produce more sebum to compensate. Use a lightweight, non-comedogenic sunscreen to protect yourself from UV rays .
6. Manage Stress
Stress is a major factor in increased sebum production . Practicing relaxation techniques such as yoga or meditation can help reduce stress and, therefore, control excess sebum .
Conclusion
Excess sebum can be a challenge, but with the right skincare habits and a balanced lifestyle, it is possible to control it effectively. By understanding the role of the sebaceous glands and adopting appropriate measures, you can maintain healthy skin and avoid the inconveniences associated with oily skin .