Which product to use to relieve eczema?
Eczema, a chronic, inflammatory skin disease, affects millions of people worldwide, manifesting itself in various types of eczema such as atopic eczema,contact eczema and atopic dermatitis.
Characterized by red patches and dry, atopic skin, eczema causes major discomfort, mainly due to the most difficult symptom to bear: incessant scratching. The main objective in managing eczema is therefore to relieve these symptoms, while trying to prevent new eczema flare-ups and finding anti-scratching cosmetic treatments.
Causes of atopic eczema
The origins ofatopic eczema and the factors triggering its episodes are multiple, often involving a family background of atopy. Indeed, research indicates that 50-70% of children with atopic eczema have at least one close family member (parent, brother or sister) who has also been affected by the condition.
Atopic eczema is the result of genetically transmitted abnormalities affecting the immune system and skin barrier:
- Sufferers produce excessive quantities of IgE antibodies in response to environmental allergens (such as dust mites, animal hair and pollens).
- The skin of people with atopic skin is characterized by marked dryness and the absence of the natural protective hydrolipidic film. This situation results from a lipid deficiency in the upper layers of the epidermis and malfunctions of key proteins for the skin's barrier function, such as filaggrin. These deficiencies facilitate the penetration of allergens into the epidermis, where they activate a disproportionate inflammatory response, responsible for the manifestations of eczema.
The environment also plays a crucial role in the onset and exacerbation of atopic dermatitis, with factors such as excessive hygiene, frequent skin washing, lack of ventilation in living spaces, dry and cold atmospheric conditions, cohabitation with pets, changes in diet, exposure to tobacco, urban and industrial pollution, as well as bacterial and viral infections.
The triggers for flare-ups vary from person to person, but the most common include climatic variations, hot showers, bubble baths and irritating soaps, heat, wearing woolen clothing, using perfumes and certain cosmetics, sweating, emotional stress, and eating certain foods.
What products can soothe atopic eczema?
Moisturizers and shea butter
The foundation of any eczema treatment lies in moisturizing the skin. Moisturizers play a crucial role in forming a protective barrier on the skin, preventing moisture loss and protecting against external irritants. Among the most effective moisturizers, ceramides and shea butter are particularly recommended. Rich in fatty acids, lipids and vitamins, they deeply nourish and repair the skin barrier, reducing inflammation and the need to scratch.
Washing oils
Washing oils offer a gentle alternative to traditional soaps, which can be too drying for sensitive skin.
A cleansing gel is considered gentle because of its formulation enriched with non-aggressive cleansing agents, which effectively cleanse without disrupting the skin's protective hydrolipidic film or altering its natural pH. These products often contain moisturizing and soothing components, such as glycerol, aloe or shea butter, which help maintain skin hydration and reduce sensations of irritation. What's more, they are generally free from irritating substances such as sulfates, parabens and synthetic fragrances, making them particularly suitable for sensitive, dry skin or skin prone to conditions such as eczema.
By incorporating a cleansing oil into your skincare routine, you choose a cleanser that respects the skin's hydrolipidic film, thus avoiding aggravating eczema symptoms.
Anti-scratch and immune system protection
One of the trickiest aspects of managing eczema is controlling the urge to scratch affected areas, which can lead to worsening skin lesions and promote infection. Creams and lotions specifically designed to soothe pruritus are available. These products may contain ingredients such as menthol, which provides a cooling sensation and temporarily relieves the need to scratch. In addition, taking care of your immune system is essential, as atopic eczema is often linked to an over-reaction of the immune system. A balanced diet, rich in natural anti-inflammatories and omega-3s, can support immune function and reduce skin inflammation.
Natural approaches and lifestyle
Beyond topical products, the eczema treatment approach can benefit from lifestyle changes and the use of natural remedies. Staying hydrated from the inside out by drinking enough water, maintaining a healthy, balanced diet, and managing stress are all factors that can positively influence the evolution of eczema. Relaxation and meditation techniques can help control stress, often a trigger for eczema flare-ups.
Which cosmetic ingredients soothe eczema?
- Ceramides
Essential for restoring the skin barrier, ceramides help retain moisture and protect the skin from external irritants.
- Glycerine
Glycerin is a moisturizing agent that draws water into the skin's upper layer, increasing its water content and reducing dryness.
- Shea butter
Rich in fatty acids and vitamins, shea butter nourishes, soothes and repairs the skin, while forming a protective barrier against harmful elements.
- Natural oils
Oils such as coconut oil, sweet almond oil and jojoba oil can provide deep hydration, reduce inflammation and support skin repair.
- Aloe Vera
Known for its soothing, anti-inflammatory properties, aloe vera can help calm the itching and redness associated with eczema.
- Niacinamide, also known as vitamin B3
Niacinamide can improve the skin barrier, reduce inflammation and increase skin hydration.
It helps keep skin hydrated, making it more supple and less prone to irritation and itching.
- Zinc oxide
Although more often associated with sun creams and diaper ointments, zinc oxide has soothing properties and can help reduce inflammation and protect the skin.
- Chamomile extract
Chamomile is renowned for its calming effects and can help soothe inflamed and irritated skin.
- Allantoin
This ingredient promotes skin healing, reduces itching and helps soften the skin.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while there is no definitive cure for eczema, a judicious combination of specific products and lifestyle modifications can go a long way towards relieving symptoms and reducing the frequency of new flare-ups.
Whether through the use of moisturizing creams or gentle cleansing oils, or by implementing anti-scratch strategies and supporting the immune system, every eczema sufferer can find a care regimen tailored to their specific skin type and needs. It is always advisable to consult a dermatologist for a personalized treatment plan tailored to your situation.
Sources
Ameli. Eczema or atopic dermatitis: causes, symptoms and evolution