Blemished skin: what is benzoyl peroxide?

Benzoyl peroxide is a well-known and widely used ingredient in anti-acne products to treat blemished skin. This powerful agent is present in many topical treatments in the form of gels, creams or cleansers, and is renowned for its effectiveness in combating moderate to severe acne. But what is benzoyl peroxide, and how can it be used correctly to achieve optimum results without unwanted side effects?

How does benzoyl peroxide treat acne?

Benzoyl peroxide works primarily by killing acne-causing bacteria, Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), which thrive in clogged pores and contribute to inflammation and pimples. In addition to its antibacterial action, it also helps exfoliate the skin by removing dead cells that can clog pores and cause breakouts.

 

How to use benzoyl peroxide

To get the best results and minimize the risk of irritation, it's essential to know how to use benzoyl peroxide correctly.

1. Wash your skin: Before applying a product containing benzoyl peroxide, start by washing your face with a mild cleanser to remove dirt, oil and impurities. Be sure to gently dry your skin before application.

2. Product application: Apply a thin layer of the product containing benzoyl peroxide to the affected areas. If you're using a cream or gel, make sure the product is thoroughly absorbed into the skin.

3. Wash hands: After applying the product, wash hands thoroughly to avoid transferring benzoyl peroxide to other parts of the body or to clothing, as it may discolor fabrics.

When should benzoyl peroxide be used?

Benzoyl peroxide is an effective acne treatment, but its use must be adapted to your skin type and the severity of your blemishes. Here are the times and situations when the use of benzoyl peroxide is recommended:

1. To treat mild to moderate acne

• When: Benzoyl peroxide is particularly effective in treating mild to moderate acne, characterized by pimples, blackheads and whiteheads.
• Why: It helps reduce acne-causing bacteria, reduce inflammation and unclog pores.

2. At the start of a rash

• When: If you feel a pimple is about to appear, start applying benzoyl peroxide at the first sign of a rash.
• Why: This can help prevent the pimple from worsening by reducing inflammation and killing bacteria before they can multiply.

3. As a complement to a more complete acne treatment

• When: Use benzoyl peroxide alongside other acne treatments, such as retinoids or topical antibiotics, for a more comprehensive approach.
• Why: It can enhance treatment effectiveness by targeting bacteria and unclogging pores.

4. On medical advice

• When: If a dermatologist recommends benzoyl peroxide for a specific type of acne or as part of a skin care regimen.
• Why: A healthcare professional can determine the concentration and frequency of use best suited to your skin.

5. To prevent new eruptions

• When: Once your acne is under control, you can continue to use benzoyl peroxide intermittently to prevent further breakouts.
• Why: Benzoyl peroxide helps keep pores clean and eliminate residual bacteria, reducing the risk of new imperfections.

6. Before bedtime

• When: It is often recommended to apply benzoyl peroxide in the evening, before going to bed.
• Why: Skin regenerates during the night, giving the product more time to work without being disturbed by environmental factors (sun, pollution).

7. After gentle cleaning

• When: After washing your face with a mild cleanser, when skin is clean and dry.
• Why: Clean skin allows benzoyl peroxide to penetrate more effectively, directly targeting bacteria and excess sebum.

8. On dry skin

• When: Do not apply immediately after a shower or hot bath, as skin may be more sensitive.
• Why: Wait until your skin is completely dry to minimize irritation.

9. Gradually for new users

• When: If you're using benzoyl peroxide for the first time, start with a once-a-day application to see how your skin reacts.
• Why: This allows your skin to get used to the product and reduces the risk of irritation or excessive dryness.

What ingredients should benzoyl peroxide be used with?

Benzoyl peroxide is a powerful ingredient in the treatment of acne, but it must be used with care when combined with other active ingredients. Some ingredients can complement its effects, while others can cause increased irritation if used together. Here's a guide to the ingredients you can use benzoyl peroxide with:

1. Salicylic acid

• Why: Salicylic acid is a BHA exfoliant that helps unclog pores by removing dead skin cells. When used with benzoyl peroxide, it can enhance treatment effectiveness by preventing the formation of new blemishes.
• How to use: It's best to use these two ingredients at different times of the day (for example, salicylic acid in the morning and benzoyl peroxide in the evening) to minimize the risk of irritation.

2. Niacinamide

• Why: Niacinamide is a soothing ingredient that helps reduce inflammation and strengthen the skin barrier. It can offset the drying effects of benzoyl peroxide and reduce redness.
• How to use: You can apply niacinamide before or after benzoyl peroxide, or use it in the morning if you apply benzoyl peroxide in the evening.

3. Hyaluronic Acid

• Why: Hyaluronic acid is a powerful moisturizer that draws moisture into the skin. It's ideal for combating the dryness that benzoyl peroxide can cause.
• How to use: Apply hyaluronic acid after benzoyl peroxide to maintain skin hydration.

4. Ceramides

• Why: Ceramides help restore and protect the skin barrier, which is important when using potentially irritating treatments such as benzoyl peroxide.
• How to use: Apply a moisturizer containing ceramides after benzoyl peroxide to soothe and protect the skin.

5. Retinoids (with caution)

• Why: Retinoids, like retinol, accelerate cell renewal and can enhance the effectiveness of benzoyl peroxide in treating acne at different levels.
• How to use: These two ingredients are powerful and can cause significant irritation if used together. We recommend using them at different times (e.g. benzoyl peroxide in the morning and retinoids in the evening) or alternating days of use.

6. Antioxidants (vitamin C with caution)

• Why: Antioxidants protect the skin against environmental damage. Although vitamin C can be used with benzoyl peroxide, it can be unstable and lose effectiveness due to benzoyl peroxide's high pH.
• How to use: If you want to use vitamin C, apply it in the morning and benzoyl peroxide in the evening, or choose another more stable antioxidant.

7. Aloe Vera

• Why: Aloe vera has soothing and moisturizing properties that can help calm irritation or dryness caused by benzoyl peroxide.
• How to use: Apply aloe vera gel after benzoyl peroxide to soothe the skin.

8. Sunscreens (mandatory)

• Why: Benzoyl peroxide can make skin more sensitive to the sun. So it's crucial to use a broad-spectrum sunscreen every morning to protect your skin from UV damage.
• How to use: Apply sunscreen as the last step in your morning routine, after using benzoyl peroxide (the night before).

Ingredients to avoid with Benzoyl Peroxide :

• Strong alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs ) (e.g. glycolic acid): Risk of increased irritation.
• Vitamin C: Instability and possible irritation.
• Retinoids (unless otherwise stated) : Irritation potential.

Precautions to be taken

Although benzoyl peroxide is effective in treating acne, it can also cause side effects, especially if the skin is sensitive or the product is used incorrectly.

• Burning sensation: After the first few applications, you may experience burning, tingling or redness. These symptoms are generally temporary, but if irritation persists, we recommend reducing the frequency of use or choosing a lower concentration.

• Allergic reaction: Some people may have an allergic reaction to benzoyl peroxide, characterized by rash, intense itching or swelling. If this occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a physician.

• Use gradually: If you've never used benzoyl peroxide before, it's advisable to start with a daily application, then gradually increase to twice a day if your skin tolerates it well.

Products containing benzoyl peroxide

There's a wide range of benzoyl peroxide-containing products on the market, available in different concentrations (generally from 2.5% to 10%). These products come in the form of gels, creams, lotions and cleansers. The concentration to choose depends on the sensitivity of your skin and the severity of your acne. For sensitive skin, it's often advisable to start with a low concentration to assess skin tolerance.

Conclusion

Benzoyl peroxide is a powerful and effective anti-acne treatment, particularly useful for treating blemished skin. However, its use requires precautions to avoid irritation and maximize its benefits. By following good practices and monitoring your skin's reactions, you can incorporate this treatment into your skincare routine to achieve clearer, healthier skin. If you have any doubts, or if any side effects appear, it is always advisable to consult a dermatologist for professional advice.