Blemish-Prone Skin: What is Benzoyl Peroxide?

Benzoyl peroxide is a well-known and widely used ingredient in acne products to treat blemish-prone skin. This powerful agent is found in many topical treatments in the form of gels, creams, or cleansers, and is known for its effectiveness in fighting moderate to severe acne. But what is benzoyl peroxide, and how do you use it correctly to get optimal results without unwanted side effects?

How does benzoyl peroxide treat acne?

Benzoyl peroxide works primarily by killing the acne-causing bacteria, Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), which thrives in clogged pores and contributes to inflammation and breakouts. In addition to its antibacterial action, it also helps exfoliate the skin by removing dead cells that can clog pores and cause breakouts.

How to use benzoyl peroxide?

To get the best results and minimize the risk of irritation, it is essential to know how to use benzoyl peroxide correctly.

1. Wash your skin : Before applying any product containing benzoyl peroxide, start by washing your face with a gentle cleanser to remove dirt, oil, and impurities. Be sure to gently pat your skin dry before applying.

2. Product Application : Apply a thin layer of the product containing benzoyl peroxide to the affected areas. If using a cream or gel, be sure to massage the product into the skin thoroughly.

3. Wash hands : After applying the product, wash your hands thoroughly to avoid transferring benzoyl peroxide to other parts of the body or to clothing, as it can discolor fabrics.

When to use benzoyl peroxide?

Benzoyl peroxide is an effective acne treatment, but its use should be tailored to your skin type and the severity of your blemishes. Here are the times and situations when using benzoyl peroxide is recommended:

1. To treat mild to moderate acne

• When : Benzoyl peroxide is particularly effective for treating mild to moderate acne, characterized by pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads.
• Why : It helps reduce acne-causing bacteria, decrease inflammation, and unclog pores.

2. At the onset of a rash

• When : If you feel like a pimple is about to appear, start applying benzoyl peroxide at the first sign of a breakout.
• Why : It can help prevent the pimple from getting worse by reducing inflammation and killing bacteria before they multiply.

3. As a complement to a more complete acne treatment

• When : Use benzoyl peroxide alongside other acne treatments, such as retinoids or topical antibiotics, for a more comprehensive approach.
• Why : It can boost treatment effectiveness by targeting bacteria and unblocking pores.

4. On medical advice

• When : If a dermatologist recommends benzoyl peroxide for a specific type of acne or as part of a skin care regimen.
• Why : A healthcare professional can determine the concentration and frequency of use that is best for your skin.

5. To prevent new outbreaks

• When : Once your acne is under control, you can continue to use benzoyl peroxide intermittently to prevent further breakouts.
• Why : Benzoyl peroxide helps keep pores clean and remove residual bacteria, reducing the risk of new blemishes.

6. Before bedtime

• When : It is often recommended to apply benzoyl peroxide in the evening, before going to bed.
• Why : The skin regenerates during the night, and the product therefore has more time to act without being disturbed by environmental factors (sun, pollution).

7. After a gentle cleansing

• When : After washing your face with a mild cleanser, when skin is clean and dry.
• Why : Clean skin allows benzoyl peroxide to penetrate more effectively and directly target bacteria and excess oil.

8. On dry skin

• When : Do not apply immediately after showering or a hot bath, as skin may be more sensitive.
• Why : Wait until your skin is completely dry to minimize irritation.

9. Gradually for new users

• When : If this is your first time using benzoyl peroxide , start with one application per day to see how your skin reacts.
• Why : This allows your skin to get used to the product and reduces the risk of irritation or excessive dryness.

What ingredients should benzoyl peroxide be used with?

Benzoyl peroxide is a powerful ingredient in acne treatment, but it should be used with caution when combined with other active ingredients. Some ingredients can complement its effects, while others can cause increased irritation if used together. Here's a guide to the ingredients you can use benzoyl peroxide with:

1. Salicylic acid

• Why : Salicylic acid is a BHA exfoliant that helps unclog pores by removing dead skin cells. When used with benzoyl peroxide, it can improve the effectiveness of the treatment by preventing new blemishes from forming.
• How to use : It's best to use these two ingredients at different times of the day (for example, salicylic acid in the morning and benzoyl peroxide in the evening) to minimize the risk of irritation.

2. Niacinamide

• Why : Niacinamide is a soothing ingredient that helps reduce inflammation and strengthen the skin barrier. It can offset the drying effects of benzoyl peroxide and reduce redness.
• How to use : You can apply niacinamide before or after benzoyl peroxide, or use it in the morning if you apply benzoyl peroxide in the evening.

3. Hyaluronic Acid

• Why : Hyaluronic acid is a powerful hydrator that draws moisture into the skin. It’s great for combating the dryness that benzoyl peroxide can cause.
• How to use : Apply hyaluronic acid after benzoyl peroxide to maintain skin hydration.

4. Ceramides

• Why : Ceramides help restore and protect the skin barrier, which is important when using potentially irritating treatments like benzoyl peroxide.
• How to use : Apply a moisturizer containing ceramides after benzoyl peroxide to soothe and protect skin.

5. Retinoids (with caution)

• Why : Retinoids, like retinol, speed up cell turnover and may enhance the effectiveness of benzoyl peroxide in treating acne on several levels.
• How to use : These two ingredients are powerful and can cause significant irritation if used together. It is recommended to use them at different times (e.g. benzoyl peroxide in the morning and retinoids in the evening) or to alternate days of use.

6. Antioxidants (Vitamin C with caution)

• Why : Antioxidants protect the skin from environmental damage. Although vitamin C can be used with benzoyl peroxide, it can be unstable and lose effectiveness due to the high pH of benzoyl peroxide.
• How to use : If you want to use vitamin C, apply it in the morning and benzoyl peroxide in the evening, or choose another more stable antioxidant.

7. Aloe Vera

• Why : Aloe vera has soothing and moisturizing properties that can help calm irritation or dryness caused by benzoyl peroxide.
• How to use : Apply aloe vera gel after benzoyl peroxide to soothe skin.

8. Sunscreens (mandatory)

• Why : Benzoyl peroxide can make skin more sensitive to the sun, so it's crucial to use a broad-spectrum sunscreen every morning to protect your skin from UV damage.
• How to use : Apply sunscreen as the last step in your morning routine, after using benzoyl peroxide (the night before).

Ingredients to avoid with Benzoyl Peroxide:

• Strong alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) (such as glycolic acid): Risk of increased irritation.
• Vitamin C : Instability and possible irritation.
• Retinoids (except precautions): Potential for irritation.

Precautions to take

Although benzoyl peroxide is effective in treating acne, it can also cause side effects, especially if the skin is sensitive or if the product is used incorrectly.

• Burning sensations : During the first applications, it is possible to feel a burning, tingling or redness sensation . These symptoms are generally temporary, but if the irritation persists, it is recommended to reduce the frequency of use or choose a lower concentration.

• Allergic Reaction : Some people may have an allergic reaction to benzoyl peroxide, characterized by a rash, intense itching, or swelling. If this occurs, stop using the product immediately and consult a doctor.

• Use gradually : If you have never used benzoyl peroxide before, it is recommended to start with daily application and then gradually increase to twice daily if your skin tolerates it well.

Products containing benzoyl peroxide

There are a wide range of benzoyl peroxide products on the market, available in different concentrations (typically 2.5% to 10%). These products come in the form of gels, creams, lotions, and cleansers. The concentration you choose depends on the sensitivity of your skin and the severity of your acne. For sensitive skin, it is often recommended to start with a low concentration to assess skin tolerance.

Conclusion

Benzoyl peroxide is a powerful and effective acne treatment, especially useful for treating blemished skin. However, its use requires precautions to avoid irritation and maximize its benefits. By following good practices and monitoring your skin's reactions, you can incorporate this treatment into your skincare routine to achieve clearer and healthier skin. If you have any doubts or if side effects appear, it is always advisable to consult a dermatologist for professional advice.