What are the effects of lactic acid on the skin?
Lactic acid is a well-known ingredient in skin care, but did you know it often comes from dairy ? This alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) is derived from lactose, a sugar found in milk. Used for centuries, including in Cleopatra’s legendary milk baths, lactic acid has been proven to improve the health and appearance of skin.
Gentle exfoliation
One of the most notable effects of lactic acid on the skin is its exfoliating power. By helping to dissolve the bonds between dead cells on the surface of the skin, it provides a gentle yet effective exfoliation. Unlike some harsher mechanical or chemical exfoliants, lactic acid is gentle enough to be used by those with sensitive skin. It promotes a brighter, more even complexion by removing dead cells that can dull the skin. It is often compared to salicylic acid which is also a mild exfoliant.
Improved hydration
Another benefit of lactic acid is its moisturizing power. In addition to exfoliating, this acid acts as a humectant, meaning it helps the skin retain moisture. This is especially beneficial for dry or dehydrated skin. Products containing lactic acid can therefore help improve the skin barrier, leaving the skin softer, smoother and more hydrated.
Reduction of wrinkles and fine lines
With regular use, lactic acid can also help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. By stimulating cell turnover and promoting collagen production, this acid helps firm the skin and reduce the signs of aging. Mature skin types can especially benefit from this rejuvenating effect, achieving smoother and more elastic skin.
Improved skin texture
Lactic acid is also known to improve the overall texture of the skin. It helps refine skin texture, reducing the appearance of enlarged pores and smoothing out unevenness. Skin that is prone to blemishes, acne scars, or uneven texture can benefit from regular use of products containing this ingredient.
Lightening of pigment spots
Lactic acid lightens pigment spots thanks to its exfoliating action and its ability to stimulate cell renewal. Here's how it works:
- Exfoliation of the upper layers of the skin
Lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that works by gently exfoliating the top layers of the skin. It dissolves the bonds between dead cells that build up on the surface of the skin. These dead cells can make your complexion look dull and accentuate the appearance of dark spots. By removing them, lactic acid reveals fresher, more even-toned skin.
- Stimulation of cell renewal
By exfoliating the skin, lactic acid also speeds up the cell renewal process. This means that pigmented cells, responsible for dark spots, are replaced more quickly by new, healthy cells. With regular use, this helps to gradually reduce the visibility of pigment spots.
- Lightening the complexion
Lactic acid helps even out skin tone by reducing differences in pigmentation on the skin. By improving desquamation (the process of renewing the surface layers of the epidermis), it reduces the appearance of pigment spots caused by factors such as sun, acne, or aging.
- Improved absorption of lightening products
By exfoliating the skin, lactic acid also allows for better absorption of other lightening or depigmenting products that may be used in addition. These products can thus penetrate deeper into the skin and act more effectively on pigment spots.
Tolerance by sensitive skin
One of the great things about lactic acid is its tolerance by sensitive skin. Unlike other AHAs like glycolic acid, which can be irritating to some skin types, lactic acid is often better tolerated, even by those with reactive skin. However, as with any acid, it is recommended to start with a low concentration and increase gradually to avoid irritation.
Conclusion
Lactic acid , derived from dairy products , is a versatile ingredient that offers many benefits for your skin. Whether you’re looking to gently exfoliate, deeply hydrate, reduce signs of aging, or improve your skin’s texture, lactic acid can be a great choice. With its ability to be well-tolerated by sensitive skin, it’s an accessible and effective option for improving skin health and appearance.